Meetings Incentives Conferences And Exhibitions In The Uk Tourism Essay

Meetings Incentives Conferences And Exhibitions In The Uk Tourism Essay Conference organizing nowadays is not an easy task especially when taking steps to enforce security and risk management measures (Bowdin et al, 2006). Conferences that observe good health status, low risks and high security measures are the most probable places to get high number of clients. Some centers provide tourism sectors, sports and other leisure activities to its clients and all this services have to be maintained so as to attract a good number of clients (Davidson and Rogers, 2006, pp 48). The MICE sector is an organization that is based in the United Kingdom and is geared to generate large capital in the economy. Tourism in the UK is an important sector that boosts its activities and so this calls for large amounts of capital to maintain the facilities. The tourism sector in the UK includes a lot of business travels which entails activities such as attending conferences, incentive travels, trade fairs and exhibitions and also individual preference for leisure travels (Golden, 2007, pp 18). According to Rogers (2008, pp 255), the top ten conference destinations and conference business within the UK includes London, York, Glasgow, Cardiff, Newcastle, Harrogate, Edinburgh, Bournemouth, Briton Hove and lastly Perthshire. Among the top conference centers in the UK, London hosts the most number of meetings and is the top most in performance compared to the other destinations (Lawson, 2000, pp 156). Davidson and Rogers (2006, pp 50), reviewed some of the reasons as to why London is at the top in hosting MICE events. He discovered that London is centrally placed in the country and it has an easy access to travel by air and this gives the travelers an easy time when moving about. It also hosts a good number of finance sectors, banking industry, culture and arts and lastly it provides headquarters of many international companies. Apart from the following advantages, Golden (2007, pp 18), has observed that London is loosing a lot of valuable tourists because it has been overpopu lated with no space for further expansion services. The MICE sector faces a lot of challenges in the industry including the need to improve facilities that are used in collecting data in the sector. MICE have decided to improve its facilities by involving the government in providing it with capital. The support extends to training staffs working in the sector, improving the infrastructural facilities and finally conducting enough researches on its destinations centers so as to maximize the opportunities available in this center (Jago et al, 2003, pp 12). One of the conference centers that is under the MICE sector is Arena and Convention Center Liverpool (ACC Liverpool). It is situated in river Mersey and it is one of the largest and top class convention centers in the United Kingdom. It is combined in a single venue but has multifunctional sectors in it (Jones, 2005, pp 242). The venue has a committed staff that ensures it meets the daily needs of its monthly and daily clients. According to (Jones, 2005, pp 245), the ACC Liverpool convention has environmentally friendly measures implemented, in that it releases less toxic substances in the air such as carbon dioxide and it also uses less electricity costs compared to the other centers in the United Kingdom. It is a centre that hosts many Europes exhibitions, arts and culture shows, conferences and also lives performances by prominent persons. This gives it a credit when competing with the other centers that are located in United Kingdom. Its continuous growth is focused on using more mitigation measures such as recycling its waste materials, conducting a waste management trainings for its immediate staffs in the surrounding and concentrating on utilizing energy efficient services (Jones, 2005, pp 187). Carlsen, et al (2000, pp 245), stated that the ACC Liverpool center has collaborated with a nearby power station to aid it in attaining the above management measures. The power station (Widness power station, PDM) receives the food wastes from ACC Liverpool and converts it into a homogenous puree which is then injected in boilers. The boilers then create a steam that is used to turn the turbines thereby generating electricity from it. Hilier (2000, pp 440), also noted that the wastes from the exhibitions and conferences are sorted and recycled into a re-use state when they are taken to the Orchid environmental. Apart from the above measures that aid ACC Liverpool, it is also observed that it has two main parts that are used for live performances. The BT convention center and Echo arena hosted over 450 live events including the Davis cup and other concerts which saw its growth and development (Carlen and Taylor, 2003, pp 18). The parts have very supportive teams that makes sure that the venues are kept clean and in a world class state so as to attract even prominent individuals for their leisure tours and travel. They also contribute a good percentage in the landfill project to aid in environment conservation. ACC Liverpool also has an advantage over the other centers in that it is centrally located in the country and has an easy access from the European airport. The center has decided to maximize the potentials arrived at by its location and accessibility to Europeans that come in and out of the country. It has also enacted a prestigious communication system called MCI which oversees organization of all events and communications within the center. The constant increase of international services to the United Kingdom has made the ACC Liverpool to be on toes for better services and involvement in the renowned business forums for international travel and meeting industry, EIBTM, 2009. It has maintained an up to date technology services to ensure that it increases it familiarity within the city as a destination of United Kingdom. It has established links with the research and innovative world by hosting homes to top world class universities, cancer and other infections research centers and finally science parks that keep up with the present technology. In the competition market, ACC Liverpool has gained a lot of popularity among the destinations of United Kingdom comparing itself to other conferences held in America, Australia and Canada. Golden (2007, pp 150), reports that it is said that it will host for the first time, international society for the scholarships of teaching and learning (ISSOTL) which is a large conference event that have been held in other international centers for the past years. Being the first time for United Kingdom hosting such a big event in its working years, it has made super preparations in the BT convention so that the event will be at its best and in the same time taking the economy at a higher level in the economy. The management team has made efforts to increase the services it offers to its clients thereby looking forward to be top most destination in United Kingdom. According to Jago et al (2003, pp 12), the management has also ensured that it safeguards its clients by thoroughly maintaining health and security services at the right time. It has also enacted a better communication system that is client sensitive including providing earpieces designed to give total comfort to the crowd in conferences. It has enhanced its audio clarity in that speech can be audible and clear to the audiences attending the conferences. Liverpool has the largest number of buildings which are notably said to be important than even the cities like London in the United Kingdom. Its ware front area is in a prestigious location because it places it near famous world sites such as the Great Wall of China, Taj Mahal and Stonehenge. It is also hosts the famous football club , Liverpool FC, apart from other sporting activities which includes golf courses and horse racing at Haydock park (Golden (2007, pp 19). The transportation sector is well defined and it includes the air transport, road and rail transport. It has accessible road transport and a very fast rail transport which are easily available to the clients who want to travel through the region. Jones (2005, pp 242), notably stated that Liverpool has incorporated other international agencies in its operations which are responsible I conducting researches on matters such as radioactive waste management and environmental mitigation measures. The international atomic energy agency has been supporting Liverpool preparing technical programs, presentation and promotion of the conference to other member countries in the world and finally providing financial assistance when they in a crisis. Liverpool has incorporated the system of incentive travel to its clients which is, defined by Golden (2007, pp 18), a tool that is used to motivate participants to continue increasing support to accomplishing an organizational goal or statement mission. Carlen and Taylor (2003, pp 18), further noticed that the figure obtained from the above system was used by the conference center to calculate the impact it had on its immediate environment as a destination center. The management was in a position to calculate the total amount that was invested in the conference centers and also calculate the number of employments it created in each city where the conference centers were located. Some of the negative impacts a convention has on its destination include diverse effects on the environment through emitting harmful carbon dioxide in the air, depositing high level of wastes from exhibitions and food just alongside the conferences creating an unhealthy environment to the clients. Another impact created on the environment includes loud noise from the aircrafts which pollutes the environment by noise pollution or depleting the ozone layer thereby threatening the lives of those living and working along those areas (Jones, 2005, pp 245) All the above impacts have been looked unto by the management of Liverpool and safer steps taken to ensure that the environment is conducive. They have developed use of quieter aircrafts to reduce noise pollution, enrolled themselves in the international hotel environment initiatives, have adopted waste management and recycling strategies to ensure that all wastes are taken care of and do not have an effect on the clients. They have also initiated the use of more energy efficient systems, the use of better and advanced technological services such as use of emails and electronic use to reduce the waste of exhibition papers. The conventions also affect the society and community socially when the conferences are held in town and there is need for security to the clients. This will mean that the local residents near the conventions will not be in a position to move about freely as some of the areas will be branded as a no go zone for them. According to Golden (2007, pp 18), such impacts may also reduce business activities in the area including lack of shopping activities and carrying out of trade within the area vicinity. Such impacts in the community are not usually paid attention to by those in the management because they view such conferences in terms of economic contribution to the area in which the conference is being held from. Those living there also benefit from such conventions when they get employed to work in the organization thus improving their living standards. Conclusion Carlen and Taylor (2003, pp 19), observed that Liverpool took the initiative to promote a positive influence to those living within the vicinity of the company. It has led to improvement of living standards to the residents there by creating job opportunities that enables them to appreciate their services in the area. It also supports its staff members by incorporating them in making the organizational decision so that their needs can also be catered for besides the needs of the clients. The need to create a good decision when selecting a location of a conference center as a destination has led to Liverpool working alongside the marketing organizations which conducts researches on it to asses an area that generate an increased conference business. It has also taken initiatives in using marketing strategies and principles with the aim of fulfilling the customers needs. All these measures are undertaken by ACC Liverpool to ensure its business flourishes in the world as it competes with other destinations in United Kingdom.

Jules Cheret

Jules Cheret, a name synonymous to the Art Nouveau movement of the late 19th century, was born in 1836 in Paris into a humble family of typographers and artisans. Thus, creativity and aesthetic awareness were instilled in him as the household that he grew up in was one that was conducive to ingenuity and experimentation. Cheret invested the early years of his youth, receiving art training under a three-year apprenticeship with a lithographer, followed by drawing lessons in the evening under the French artist Horace Lecoq de Boisbaudran.As a young student, he absorbed and learnt a lot from some of the works of famous painters in the Louvre and other museums. Thus by the age of 18, Cheret’s unique artistic flair became noticeable and he was able to earn a simple living selling designs and illustrations to customers, most of whom were music producers. Cheret travelled to London in 1854, where he was exposed to the advanced techniques of lithography which not only awed him, but al so inspired him to improve his art by getting at par with the technological advancements of the time.Upon returning to Paris in 1858, Cheret induced that pictorial lithographic posters were the future of graphic design, but he found it extremely suffocating because none of the advertisers were convinced by this. He received his first stroke of luck in the form of a commission for a poster advertising Jacques Offenbach's operetta Orpheus in the Underworld. Thwarted when this failed to prompt more commissions, Cheret returned to London where he spent the next seven years evolving his lithography expertise, and consequently imbibing the British style of poster design and printing.During this time period, Cheret worked for Cramer publishers where he made illustrations, designed book covers and posters for music halls, theatres, cabarets, and circuses. Upon returning to Paris in 1866, Cheret’s friend introduced him to perfume manufacturer Eugene Rimmel, for whom he began designing perfume packaging. This collaboration, lead to Rimmel aiding the young designer in establishing his commercial color lithographic shop.Cheret was revolutionary for poster design, as he altered the age old lithography technique by formulating a process which made printing more cost effective, with high quality colors- which were a colossal contribution to the development of graphic design. Jules Cheret from that juncture went on to become a significant figure in graphic-design history, and the principal artist to make his reputation in the medium of poster art. He is attributed for enhancing the aesthetic nature of posters, y bequeathing it with flowing elegant designs and transforming it into an independent decorative art form. An ardent admirer and depicter of the female form in his posters, Jules Cheret’s subjects became so popular that the Parisians dubbed them ‘Cherrettses’. It was because of his patronage of this genre and the painters associated with it; f or the promotion of whom he published his book entitled Masters of the Poster ; that he began to be known as the ‘father of the Belle Epoque poster’.Jean-Honore Fragonard and Antoine Watteau, were renowned names from the Rococo movement. The frivolity depicted in their works influenced Cheret’s work most deeply, which is why we see this sense of fun and enjoyment of trivialities in the posters designed by him. The most prominent aspect of his poster Carnival 1986 is the contrast in colour of the man and woman. This use of such a dramatic shadow effect exudes immense mystery in the man, and inadvertently prompts the viewer to assume that it’s a possible reflection of the role he plays in this theatrical production.The colour green of the dress contributes in making the ‘Charett’ the focal point. This is also particularly so because the light green has been placed against a stark bright orange so the lighter colour is up lifted. . The orange and green come together to create great dramatic contrast and contributes to the eyes moving. Interestingly enough though, the brighter colour does not become the overriding force, instead it is the lighter colours placed on top that attract attention, such as the white of the fan and the green of the dress.The flowing dress and the angularity of her body posture all contribute towards achieving such a focal point. The tilted head and face looking directly at the viewers is immensely captivating. On a closer look one notices that there is a woman in between the two central characters, who is partially touched by the light that shines on the protagonists of the scene- her body isolated from the physical splendour of the two main characters. This could be taken to represent some trio or three way relationship which could be the dramatic aspect this story.Thus giving out a short teaser through the design of the poster to entice the interest of the onlooker too becomes one of the most pote nt aspects of poster designing for operas, plays and performances. This inadvertently leads me to ponder over how poster design requires a lot of understanding of the audience’s psyche and how exactly to manipulate it. The woman in the forefront is also the focal point because her skin is much lighter than the others, which inadvertently takes the viewers’ attention to her first.She is also in a vulnerable seated position, which symbolizes femininity and easiness, perhaps with a sexual connotation. The angle of the hand undeniably invites the viewer in to the composition most effectively. He has employed the use of decorative serif fonts in his heading to give his posters a formal and elegant feel- but details of the play have been written in sans serif to ensure clarity in reading. This understanding of and consequent justice to the choice of fonts is fascinating. Fonts most popular employed by Cheret were Antiqua and Bernhard Antiqua and Bernhard Fraktur.Jules Cheret ’s Loie Fuller poster for the Folies Bergeres is very characteristic of his style of design. The work space is dominated by a central figure of vibrant splendor engulfed by vivid gushing colors and beautiful swirling drapery. This poster is an iconic addition to his range of elated, graceful and energetic women- for which aptly dubbed ‘Cherettes' by the Parisians. Jules’ masterstroke of success can be attributed to these women that he showed in his posters- their low-cut bodices and exaggerated postures lead to his instant success.He used his ‘Cherettes’ to advertise anything from beverages and alcohol, perfumes, soaps, cosmetics to pharmaceutical products. Eventually he was promoting railway companies as well as a series of manufacturing businesses. The use of color and its understanding is brilliant, and here Cheret’s signature use of the colors orange and green are very evident. Jules Cheret possessed a magnificent palette of great chromati c intensity. The colors used by him in the overlap in his signature sophisticated and resolved manner.But using different tones of green and orange together definitely contribute to making it a very dynamic composition but with an intrinsic softness to it. The color starting from the light green on the top frill of the dress and gradually building up to the bright orange at the bottom left contributes immensely to eye movement as the colors aid it and let is travel most effortlessly. The flow in the strokes of the dress is so unrestricted still it contributes in bringing out the form and posture of the girl.The angle of the ‘Cherette’s’ posture invites the eye and allows it to tour the poster. The curve of the top dress brings the viewer in, going down to the tilt of the head, to the angularity of the head stylization of the figure is such that it gives this 2D form a very 3D feel to it as if the girl is going to emerge from the poster with her dress flowing. One very striking aspect of Jules Cheret’s is the dynamics of Cheret’s workspace- Jules has the brilliance to do justice to his given work space and to not let the colossal size of his posters become an impediment.In this poster, he played with a solitary figure and minimal text, but still did not ignore any space, leaving it to be perceived as static or idle- he does immense justice to the tools at his disposal. It is a strongly articulated poster which was envisioned to be appealing to those viewing it. Jules Cheret was in the good books of critics as he was fortunate to have them be very responsive to the work he produced. It was said that his work was ‘innovative, alive, a breath of fresh air’.He invented specific character types such as the â€Å"happy clown†, which is a large size painting that he made in 1881, but even as early as the 1860s, we see him employing the exact same clown image on the left middle of his poster ‘Concert des Ambas sedeurs’. Cheret’s mastery for color is worth noting. Over the course of analyzing these four posters, one realizes that he has the unique ability to play with color in a manner of showing the matt quality of soft hair, and the glossy hard technique which he is employing in this piece.Harold Hutchinson writes in â€Å"The Poster: An Illustrated History From 1860† that Jules Cheret realized ‘a poster did not have to show product; it merely had to produce â€Å"a reaction of amusement, curiosity, excitement or some positive feeling which will help make the right points,† to make a product sell’. Which is what he has very intelligently achieved in this poster – the presence of the girl and the clown would instigate a curiosity as to what this function may contain, but details of it are not dogmatically given out.This particular poster emanates a sense of ‘refined vulgarity’, which is a paradox on its own. Cheret’s post er distinctive characteristic is often the ‘violent curves’ of the female form. It can be analyzed in such a manner because in spite the fact that Cheret used women as the primary focus of his posters, their sensuality was presented in a more evolved and elevated manner unlike the posters designed in the arts and crafts movement. But as an analysis point, I believe that more than liberating the woman, Cheret created a fantasy of provocative beauty.This inadvertently was an unhealthy way to commence advertising. This poster is an apt example of Cheret’s sensuous ‘Cherettes’. Jules’ exploration of form, especially giving it this animated quality really distinguished him as the pioneer of poster art. This is an apt title for him, particularly because he was able to master the art of establishing unity between texts and images perfectly- the weight, font size and type all complement each other and the image so well.Cheret almost always employs the use of a single prominent figure, which dominates maximum of the workspace and like here; the girl in red dominates how the entire poster is laid out. This figure becomes the central feature that the rest of the characters and the text then need to co relate to. Alongside that, floral motifs are subtly often used by Cheret because he was someone very inspired by the beauty of nature. Thus in this poster too the girl in white in the background has a flower on her dress and the one in red in the forefront organic form/design on her dress. Elysse, montmartre bal masque’, was a poster for the masked ball held the Palace theatre- designed 1881. This poster is an apt example of the similarity between the painting style of James Ensor and those of the lithographic advertisements being designed by Jules Cheret. The two artists shared the innate qualities of working on a large scale, experimenting with bright colors and ‘caricaturel linearity’. It encompasses the eleganc e of the French and their carefree grace. In this poster, Cheret’s play with angles isn’t as lively as what he’s capable of.But still this diagonal slant binds in with the feel and message of the poster. Deliberate harmonious gestures contribute to the dance like quality which turns this mundane poster in to a masterpiece executed with superb technique and flatness of color. Cheret is a genius when it comes to color; here he is gently fading away background creating a very dynamic sense even though the foreground has a lot of character and agility. The light in this poster is intense but not yet harsh, it falls gently on the girl and her soft hair, enhancing the shape of her body and accentuating the colors around her too.Jules Cheret signature style was his free hand lettering, which had a very theatrical airy style to it. He used large fonts, and black outlined his caricature like linear figures here which make each poster such a unique work of art. Cheretâ₠¬â„¢s posters not only sold product but sold an image of ideal woman and ideal life style. With the advent of the Industrial revolution, people’s living standards were improving thus they were susceptible to being affected by the lifestyle that he depicted.

Analysis Of Rain, Nothing But The Wild Rain - 1016 Words

‘Rain, midnight rain, nothing but the wild rain’. How does Thomas convey his depression in ‘Rain’? Compare this with how Thomas presents his negative emotions in other poems. In this poem Thomas lies awake at night, listening to the rain falling onto the roof of the hut that he rests within. This poem was written just before Thomas went onto the battlefield. The rain and Thomas’ solitude prompts thoughts of those soldiers who are exposed to the danger and death in the outside world. This also connotes feeling of depression and sadness in his. ‘Rain’ is written in free verse blank verse – an irregular stress pattern. This is one of the most common forms of poetry that Thomas uses often. He plays with the rhythm and intensity of each line through a number of different means, each used in order to give a sense of the increasing and decreasing intensity of the rain on the room and walls of the hut, and Thomas’ response to this. To create this effect, Thomas uses repetition, internal rhyming and uses the spondee ‘wild rain’. Another feature of the poem is the use of monologue, giving entry into Thomas’ thoughts in solitude, in which the reader is an implied listener – ‘hearing’ his fears and thoughts of the poet as he puts you in his place. The poem’s tone is disarmingly open, even confessional. This line introduces two important feature of the poem. Firstly, the repetition of the words – ‘rain’ here, but also ‘solitude’ that becomes a theme of the poem. He paused given by theShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of All Summer And A Day By Ray Bradbury1363 Words   |  6 PagesHope and Sunlight in â€Å"All Summer and a Day† An Analysis of Author’s Craft Everyone needs to believe that things are going to get better, particularly when facing challenging or troubling times. Our world is fraught with sadness, misfortune, and adversity, and the world constructed by Ray Bradbury in â€Å"All Summer in a Day† is no different. 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Interpretation Of Africa s History Through Maps - 1493 Words

Interpretation of Africa s History through Maps There are many misconceptions about Africa’s past. However, Africa’s earliest people adapted to a wide range of geographic conditions to establish societies based on family ties, religion, iron technology, and trade. Today Africa is a continent made up of 54 independent countries, and it’s the world’s oldest populated area. Africa’s is more than three times the size of the United States, and over time there has been a great deal of trade and movement of goods and people including transatlantic slave trade. The following maps show the changing relationships of Africa to the rest of the world and provide a different historical interpretation then the many misconceptions most people have of†¦show more content†¦The rivers and tributaries helped with the development of fishing and the navigation of supplies. The tributary system operated by the Kongo kings spawned an inter-regional trade. Another feature of the Later Iron Age was the increase in use of cattle that was a good source for food, and was used in trade for iron and other necessities. The open grassland in the Zimbabwe Plateau shown in the map on right side above was where they innovated the technique of terracing the hillsides to prevent erosion. This is one of the many innovations most people don’t realize came from Africa. Another part of the Later Iron Age was the development of gold-mining. What was unique about Great Zimbabwe was their elaborate development. It started on the hilltops and later in the valleys. The stonemasonry and building techniques were some of the most unique in all of Africa. The following map is a 14th century Spanish map of Mansa Musa as he traveled across the Sahara on a pilgrimage to Mecca. Drawn on the map is Mansa Musa holding gold. He brought so much gold that on his arrival to Cairo, he devalued the currency of Mediterranean societies. At the top of the map is Spain. Filling most of the map is North Africa, with the Mediterranean extending east and the Atlantic west of Gibraltar. Mansa Musa was a skilled military leader who exercised total control over the gold and salt trade and used his 100,000-man army to kept order and protect Mali from attack. Under Mansa Musa,